12 cm Granatwerfer 42

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	Weapon: 12 cm Granatwerfer 42 Type: Mortar Country of Origin: Germany Year Adopted: 1942 Overall Length (mm): 1500.0 Overall Length (in): 59.06 Weight (kg): 30.00 Weight (pounds): 66.14

The 12 cm Granatwerfer 42 was a heavy mortar developed by Nazi Germany during World War II, based on the Soviet 120 mm M1938 mortar, which the Germans had captured in significant numbers during Operation Barbarossa. This weapon was designed for long-range indirect fire support and featured a rifled barrel, making it more accurate and effective compared to lighter mortars. It could fire high-explosive shells weighing approximately 15 kilograms to a maximum range of 6 kilometers, making it ideal for destroying entrenched enemy positions and providing artillery-like firepower in a more mobile format.

Production of the Granatwerfer 42 began in 1942, with several thousand units manufactured throughout the war. The weapon was deployed by German infantry divisions, particularly in support roles, where its powerful explosive payload could disrupt enemy formations and fortifications. Its design was relatively simple, making it easier to produce and maintain in the field. German forces appreciated its destructive capability and range, which complemented their existing artillery and mortar systems. The Granatwerfer 42 also had the advantage of using captured Soviet 120 mm ammunition, ensuring a steady supply of ordnance during its deployment.

The 12 cm Granatwerfer 42 earned a reputation as one of the most effective heavy mortars of the war, thanks to its powerful impact and adaptability in various combat scenarios. It saw extensive use on the Eastern and Western Fronts, where its ability to deliver devastating firepower in support of infantry operations proved invaluable. Post-war, many of these mortars were captured and used by other nations, influencing future designs of heavy mortars. The Granatwerfer 42 remains a notable example of Germany's ability to adapt and improve upon enemy weaponry during World War II.